课程代码：00196
请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上
Ⅰ. Choose the best answer for each blank (10 points, 1 point for each item)
从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。（每小题1分，共10分）
1.Carry-out restaurants often serve fast foods; customers place their _________
at a counter and then “take-out” the food to wherever they wish to eat.
A. menus B. orders
C. demands D. reservations
2.Traditionally the hotel industry has looked at _________ as a measure of
success.
A. specialty B. occupancy
C. availability D. low cost
3.The European Union was established to foster economic _________ among the
countries of Western Europe.
A. integration B. combination
C. acquisition D. normalization
4.One element of the decision support systems is a software that permits easy
_________ between users of the system and the database and model base.
A. reaction B. operation
C. response D. interaction
5. _________ consumption is a phrase coined by Thorstein Veblen, a prominent
American social theorist and economist who died in 1929.
A. Conspicuous B. Suspicious
C. Obvious D. Outstanding
6.Operational managers are lower-level managers who _________ the operations of
the organization.
A. conduct B. supervise
C. advise D. adjust
7.Various _________ can provide information helpful in forecasting the future.
A. courses B. causes
C. sources D. resources
8.Many researchers agree that organizations usually perform better if they
implement more concentric _________ strategy in which businesses are somewhat
related to one another.
A. simplification B. complication
C. diversification D. certification
9.Chrismatic leaders are _________ and have a strong conviction in the moral
righteousness of their beliefs.
A. self-reliant B. self-taught
C. self-service D. self-confident
10.Knowing a few fundamental _________ of persuasion will help you convince
others to adopt your viewpoint.
A. disciples B. principles
C. disciplines D. principals
Ⅱ. Cloze Test (10 points, 1
point for each item) 下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项，根据上下文要求选出最佳答案。（每小题1分，共10分）
The 11 communication means not only that the receiver provides feedback but
also that the sender is receptive to and responds to the 12 . In these
constructive exchanges, information is 13 between both parties rather than
delivered from one person to the other. One-way communication is much more 14
than it should be because it is faster and easier for the 15 . The busy
executive finds it easier to dash off a memo than to discuss the issue with the
subordinate. Also he doesn’t have to deal with questions or be challenged by
someone who 16 strongly with what the memo says. Two-way communication is more
difficult and 17 than one-way communication. 18 , it is more accurate; thus,
fewer mistakes occur and fewer problems 19 . Receivers have a chance to ask
questions, share concerns, make suggestions or modifications, and consequently
understand more precisely 20 is being communicated and what they should do
with the information.
11.A. one way B. one-way C. two ways D. two-way
12.A. information B. answer C. reply D. feedback
13.A. supplied B. shared C. applied D. compared
14.A. common B. influential C. unusual D. specific
15.A. manager B. subordinate C. receiver D. sender
16.A. agrees B. disagrees C. supports D. opposes
17.A. time saving B. consuming time C. time-consuming D. saving-time
18.A. What’s more B. Furthermore C. Instead D. However
19.A. arise B. rise C. raise D. arouse
20.A. what B. which C. that D. who
Ⅲ．Reading Comprehension (30 points, 2 points for each item)
阅读下列短文，根据短文，在每个问题后所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。（每小题2分，共30分）
Passage One
More traditional approaches to studying leadership are the trait approach,
the behavioral approach, and the situational approach.
The trait approach is the oldest leadership perspective and was dominant for
several decades. This approach seems logical for studying leadership: It focuses
on individual leaders and attempts to determine the personal characteristics
(traits) that great leaders share. What set Winston Churchill, Alexander the
Great, Gandhi, Napoleon, and Martin Luther King apart from the crowd? The trait
approach assumes the existence of a leadership personality and that leaders are
born not made. But the perspective of the 1990s is that although some
personality traits do distinguish effective leaders from other people, a person
need not be born with these traits, but can strive to acquire them. These traits
may include drive, leader- ship motivation, integrity, self-confidence,
knowledge of the business, and the ability to perceive the needs and goals of
followers and to adjust one’s personal leadership approach accordingly.
The behavioral approach attempts to identify what good leaders do. Should
leaders focus on getting the job done or on keeping their followers happy?
Should they make decisions autocratically or democratically? In the behavioral
approach, personal characteristics are considered less important than the
behaviors leaders exhibit. Three general categories of leadership behavior have
received particular attention: behaviors related to task performance, group
maintenance, and employee participation in decision making.
According to proponents of the situational approaches to leadership,
universally important traits and behaviors don’t exist. They believe effective
leader behaviors vary from situation to situation. The leader should first
analyze the situation and then decide what to do. In other words, look before
you lead.
21.What does the word “trait” in the 1st paragraph mean?
A. Ability. B. Trade.
C. Trial. &n
阅读(2163)
（责任编辑：城市网）